1. 长安风景名胜区总体介绍
长安风景名胜区位于宁平省华闾坊，是越南旅游业最著名的目的地之一。该风景区占地 6.172 公顷，被约 6.268 公顷的缓冲区环绕，拥有典型的北部稻田和村庄景观。石灰岩山脉、河流、洞穴与当地居民的生活空间和谐地结合在一起，创造了一个既雄伟又亲切的自然整体，带有浓厚的本土文化印记。
长安风景名胜区不仅以其规模和景色令人印象深刻，而且因其突出的地质、历史和文化价值而受到高度评价。2014 年，这里正式被联合国教科文组织认定为迄今为止东南亚地区第一个也是唯一的双重世界遗产，标志着长安在全球遗产地图上的特殊地位。此外，该风景区还被政府评为国家特别重要的遗址，成为一个具有国际意义的目的地，吸引了众多国内外游客。
Trang An Scenic Landscape Complex (Trang An) 被联合国教科文组织认定为双重世界遗产。(来源：收集)
2. Trang An Scenic Landscape Complex (Trang An) 内的 nổi bật landmarks
2.1. Trang An Scenic Landscape Complex (Trang An) Ecological Tourist Area
When mentioning the typical landmarks within this scenic complex, one cannot overlook the Trang An Scenic Landscape Complex (Trang An) Ecological Tourist Area. This is a nationally especially important relic site, strongly impressing visitors with its majestic limestone mountain system, unique water-penetrating caves, and lush, verdant ecosystem year-round. Not only attractive for its natural landscape, this place is also associated with many important historical traces of the ancient Dai Co Viet capital, offering visitors a feeling of awe at nature and contemplation when learning about its historical depth.
The most outstanding feature of the Trang An Scenic Landscape Complex (Trang An) Ecological Tourist Area is its system of 31 lagoons and lakes connected to 48 large and small caves, creating a scene likened to a watercolor painting that has existed for hundreds of years. Famous caves such as Hang Sang (Bright Cave), Hang Toi (Dark Cave), Hang Ba Giot (Three Drops Cave), Hang Dia Linh (Earth Spirit Cave), or Hang Nau Ruou (Wine Cooking Cave) attract special attention due to their diverse stalactite systems, forming many magical shapes.
Besides the natural landscape, this area also possesses many valuable spiritual and cultural relics such as Trinh Temple, Tran Temple, Tu Tru Temple, Vu Lam Royal Palace, Phu Khong, or Suoi Tien Temple. If you have the chance to visit around the 17th to 19th day of the 3rd lunar month, visitors can also immerse themselves in the Trang An Festival, where local people organize traditional ceremonies to honor Gods Cao Son and Quy Minh, combined with many folk activities deeply imbued with the cultural identity of the ancient capital region.
2.2. Tam Coc - Bich Dong
Tam Coc Bich Dong is a prominent destination within the Trang An Scenic Landscape Complex (Trang An), impressing with its system of about 20 attractions and its fresh, vibrant natural scenery. This place boasts ancient limestone mountains, harmoniously combined with mysterious caves and winding rivers, creating a landscape that is both wild and poetic.
In the early days of the new year, visitors to Tam Coc Bich Dong can combine sightseeing at pagodas, take boat trips through mountains, and immerse themselves in the bustling festival atmosphere. Especially, around the end of the 5th and beginning of the 6th lunar months is when the rice fields along the river begin to ripen, when the golden color of the rice blends with the blue of the sky, plants, and water, creating a romantic natural picture that makes it hard for anyone visiting to leave.
金黄的稻田蜿蜒，沿着吴同河（Ngo Dong）流淌。(来源：搜集)
2.3. 华闾古都 (Hoa Lu)
华闾古都 (Hoa Lu) 是一个典型的历史遗迹，与坚韧的大越国（Dai Co Viet）王朝紧密相连，拥有千年历史，并蕴含着历经岁月变迁而沉淀下来的庄严之美。这里坐落于群山与湖泊环绕之中，拥有宁静的景色，却又不失其独特的庄严气势。漫步于古都的每一步，都仿佛带领游客穿越历史的长河，回到先辈们那些英勇的岁月。
古老的建筑依然存在，其精美的雕刻线条静静地矗立在天地之间，如同历史的忠实见证者。这里的建筑群包括城墙、寺庙、陵墓、皇城、洞穴以及许多其他具有独特文化价值的建筑，所有这些都与周围的石山融为一体，形成了一个既雄伟又神圣的整体，深深地烙印着古都这片土地的印记。
2.4. 拜顶寺 (Chua Bai Dinh)
拜顶寺 (Chua Bai Dinh) 坐落于一个特殊的位置，半山腰，四面环绕着石山和湖泊，营造出一种宁静而庄严的氛围，散发着独特的神秘气息。这座寺庙与许多历史印记相关联，特别是与李朝国师阮明空（Nguyen Minh Khong）有关，他是一位古代越南著名的禅师。历经千年，寺庙仍然保留着宏伟而令人印象深刻的建筑体系，如法主殿、观音殿、钟楼、罗汉长廊、三门、弥勒佛像以及许多充满精神和艺术价值的建筑。
这里不仅是一个熟悉的朝拜场所，还以每年农历正月初六举行的拜顶寺（Chua Bai Dinh）庙会而闻名，吸引了众多佛教徒和四方游客前来朝圣、观光，并祈求新的一年平安吉祥。
拜顶寺，规模宏伟，自然风光壮丽。（来源：政府报）
2.5. 阳光谷 (Thung Nang)
阳光谷 (Thung Nang) 位于ダム溪村 (Dam Khe)，是一个宁静而庄严的目的地，拥有清澈见底的水域以及丰富的动植物生态系统。这里最特别之处在于游客只能乘船抵达，开启一段约 3 公里的旅程，在郁郁葱葱的自然风光中缓缓漂流。沿途，两岸的景色如诗如画，茂密的芦苇丛生，远处依稀可见简朴的茅草屋顶。
当船深入其中时，阳光谷 (Thung Nang) 逐渐展现出碧绿的稻田、连绵的山峦和微波荡漾的水面。这里的洞穴系统独具特色，有的洞顶较低，需要游客弯腰通过，有的则高耸宽阔，让游客不禁抬头仰望，惊叹其神秘之美。在探索过程中，船将依次带领游客游览芒山 (Nui Mang)、金山 (Nui Vang)、椰子山 (Nui Coc)、三石山 (Nui Ba Doi) 和阳光谷寺 (Den Thung Nang) 等景点。游览结束时，远处绵延的稻田和飞翔的鹳鸟的景象，带来一种宁静、轻松且难以忘怀的感觉。
2.6. 锦蛇鸟园 (Vườn chim Thung Nham)
锦蛇鸟园 (Vườn chim Thung Nham) 是位于长安风景名胜区核心地带的生态旅游景点，以其丰富的生态系统和原始的自然风光而闻名。这里拥有多样的植被，超过 577 种高等植物，其中包括 10 种被列入红皮书的珍稀物种，为多种鸟类和野生动物创造了理想的栖息环境。
锦蛇鸟园 (Thung Nham) 不仅以其葱郁的自然风光吸引人，还以其具有浓郁民族特色的洞穴系统和精神建筑给人们留下深刻印象，如水宫洞 (Dong Thuy Cung)、美人鱼洞 (Dong Tien Ca)、佛洞 (Hang But)、三女洞 (Dong Ba Co) 或天堂洞 (Dong Vai Gioi)。此外，鸟园、移动古树、爱情谷或果园等景点也为游客提供了丰富多彩的探索之旅，让游客在宁平的自然风光中感受到放松、亲近和圆满。
2.7. 天河洞 (Động Thiên Hà)
天河洞 (Động Thiên Hà) 是位于将军山 (Nui Tuong) 的一个洞穴群，隐藏在原始而宁静的山脉之间，以其丰富的钟乳石系统和干湿洞穴的独特结构给人留下深刻印象。干洞区域面积约 40 米宽，汇集了千姿百态的奇幻钟乳石，并保留了古代越南居民的许多生活痕迹。
要探索水洞，游客需要乘船在山体内的地下河上航行，带来新奇而神秘的感觉。天河洞 (Động Thiên Hà) 的名字也来源于其独特的景色，钟乳石发出闪闪发光的光芒，与柔和的水流融为一体，在山石之间营造出如同缩小版银河的景象。
2.8. 舞娘山 (Hang Múa)
近年来，舞娘山 (Hang Múa) 已成为宁平的著名景点，以其如诗如画和难以抗拒的神秘之美吸引了众多游客。来到这里，游客将有机会欣赏到雄伟的山景，高耸的灰色岩石营造出庄严而沉静的感觉。从高处俯瞰，下方的湖泊池塘呈现出清澈宁静的水面，与周围葱郁的自然融为一体，为任何到访者带来一种独特而宁静的感动。
Mua Cave attracts a large number of tourists thanks to its poetic beauty and elusive mysterious charm. (Source: Collected)
2.9. Vu Lam Royal Palace
Vu Lam Royal Palace was once an important military base during the Tran Dynasty, built to consolidate forces and await an opportunity to counter-attack in the resistance against the Mongol-Yuan invasion for the second time. Through the flow of history, this place has become part of the Trang An scenic complex, bearing deep historical imprints and surrounded by mountains and caves, creating a scene that is both sacred and solemn.
When visiting Vu Lam Royal Palace, tourists can explore many valuable relics such as Vuon Kho, Tuan Cao, Cong Rong, Hanh Cung, Cua Quan, along with ancient pagoda systems like Thong Pagoda, San Pagoda, Kim Pagoda, or Chan Lu Pagoda. Each site contributes to recreating a heroic historical period of the nation amidst a peaceful and ancient natural space.
3. Experience exploring the Trang An scenic complex
To make your exploration of the Trang An scenic complex smoother and more complete, tourists should choose a suitable time to visit, ideally from January to April of the lunar calendar or around May to June when the weather is pleasant and the natural scenery is beautiful. It is advisable to go early in the day to avoid crowds and have ample time for leisurely sightseeing. Wear neat, comfortable clothing, prioritizing sports shoes or flat-soled shoes to facilitate movement, especially when climbing stone steps or taking long boat rides.
Additionally, tourists should prepare hats, sunscreen, drinking water, and some cash for convenient spending at the attractions. When visiting spiritual sites, maintain a solemn attitude, limit loud talking, and comply with local regulations for a civilized and meaningful experience. Besides visiting Trang An, tourists can combine visits to other famous destinations such as Cuc Phuong National Park, Tam Chuc Pagoda, Sun World Ha Nam to make the journey more diverse and attractive.
在太阳世界河内结合游玩。（来源：转载）
长安名胜群 不仅是汇聚壮丽自然美景的旅游胜地，还承载着宁平古都地区独特的历史文化价值。每一次在这里的探索之旅都会带来独特的感受，从对山水景色的震撼到在古老宗教氛围中的宁静时刻。如果您正在寻找一个既美丽、又深刻且充满体验的目的地，长安绝对是不可错过的选择。立即规划您的行程，亲身感受这片遗产地的完整美景和难忘印记。
